Conquering Half Dome: Top Tips for a Successful Hike in Yosemite
Few hikes are as iconic and challenging as the trek to the top of Half Dome in Yosemite National Park. This 16- to 20-mile round-trip adventure and bucket list hike takes you through awe-inspiring landscapes, steep granite slopes, and, of course, the famous cables leading to the summit. But the journey is not for the faint of heart. To help you make the most of your experience and reach the top safely, here are some essential tips for a successful hike up Half Dome.
Sub Dome & Half Dome in the background, Yosemite National Park.
1. Plan Ahead
Before you even step foot on the trail, preparation is key. First and foremost, check the weather conditions. Yosemite's weather can change rapidly, especially at higher elevations. Be sure to avoid stormy days, as wet or slippery conditions on the granite can be dangerous, particularly on the cables section.
Equally important is securing a permit. Since Half Dome is one of Yosemite’s most popular hikes, permits are required to ascend the cables. Lottery systems are used, so make sure you apply well in advance.
Additionally, plan your route and know your timing. The full hike can take anywhere from 10 to 14 hours, depending on your pace, so prepare accordingly.
2. Reserve Your Spot in Yosemite
Since Yosemite National Park experiences high visitation, you may need a reservation just to enter the park. During peak season, Yosemite requires visitors to secure an entry reservation through Recreation.gov. These reservations are necessary from late May to early September and can be booked 7 days in advance at 8 AM PT. Be sure to mark your calendar, as entry reservations sell out quickly!
For more information and to reserve your spot, visit Recreation.gov ahead of your trip. Keep in mind, this reservation is separate from your Half Dome permit, so you'll need to secure both to complete the hike.
3. Understanding the Half Dome Lottery
Hiking Half Dome requires a permit to ascend the cables, and the Half Dome permit lottery is the way to get it. Here’s what you need to know:
When the lottery opens: The primary lottery for Half Dome permits opens each year from March 1 to March 31. During this time, you can submit an application for the dates you'd like to hike. You can request up to six dates, increasing your chances of securing a permit.
Results: Lottery results are typically announced in mid-April, so be sure to keep an eye on your email or Recreation.gov account to see if you’ve secured a permit.
Daily lottery: If you miss the main lottery, don’t worry! There’s a daily lottery for a limited number of last-minute permits. These permits are awarded for hikes the following day and can be applied for two days before your desired hike.
For up-to-date lottery details and to apply, head to Recreation.gov and search for Half Dome permits.
4. Start Early
An early start is crucial. Begin your hike just before sunrise to give yourself plenty of daylight and time to finish. Not only will you beat the crowds, but you’ll also avoid hiking in the heat of the day, particularly on the exposed granite dome. I have hiked the route twice, each time we have hit the trail to begin the trek between 4:00am or 5:00am.
5. Stay Hydrated
Hydration is key when tackling any strenuous hike, and Half Dome is no exception. It's recommended to bring at least 1 gallon (or 4 liters) of water per person. Hydration packs are wonderful for long hikes, as it is an easy way to hydrate throughout the day. While there are opportunities to refill your water at certain points along the trail (like near Nevada Falls), don’t rely solely on these stops. Be sure to bring a filtration system or purification tablets if you plan on refilling from streams.
6. Fuel Up with High-Energy Snacks
Keeping your energy levels up is essential for a long hike like Half Dome. Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks such as trail mix, Chomps, protein bars, and dried fruit. Energy chews are essential as well, keeping your weariness at bay. Regularly fueling your body will help prevent fatigue and keep you energized as you climb the steep sections of the trail.
7. Wear Proper Gear
Having the right gear can make or break your hike.
Footwear: Invest in sturdy hiking boots with excellent traction to handle the varied terrain, especially the granite surfaces on the final ascent. Danner 2650 Trail Shoes or Salomon Quest Hiking Boots are my favorite for hiking technical routes such as Half Dome, as they provide traction and ankle support.
Clothing: Opt for moisture-wicking clothing to stay dry, and dress in layers to adapt to temperature changes as you gain elevation. Don’t forget a hat and sunscreen—exposure on the trail can be intense.
Backpacks and daypacks: Choose a backpack or daypack with a comfortable fit, adjustable straps and sufficient capacity to carry all your essentials, including water hydration packs, snacks, Salt Stick Electrolyte Chews, first aid supplies, and extra layers.
Headlamps and hiking poles: If you’re starting before sunrise or expecting to finish after sunset, bring a headlamp to light your way. Hiking poles can also be invaluable, especially on the steeper sections of the trail and for added support when descending.
Summit of Half Dome, Yosemite National Park.
8. Pace Yourself
Half Dome is not just about reaching the summit; it’s about managing your energy and stamina. The climb can be strenuous, especially as you ascend to higher elevations. Take your time, especially on the steep switchbacks leading to Sub Dome and the final cable section. Breaks are essential to prevent exhaustion, so listen to your body and give yourself the rest you need.
9. Tackling the Cables
The final challenge of the hike is the infamous cables section, a near-vertical climb up the last 400 feet to the summit. This part requires a lot of focus, strength, and confidence.
Gloves: Bringing the right gloves is essential for gripping the cables safely. You’ll want gloves that provide strong grip, durability, and protection from the metal cables, which can become hot or cause blisters over time. Look for gloves that fit well and offer good dexterity. Test them out on shorter hikes or rock climbs before tackling the cables. Many hikers also bring an extra pair in case their first set gets worn or damaged during the ascent. Here are some good glove options for the hike:
Rubber-coated or nitrile work gloves: These gloves offer excellent grip on the cables, especially when they are wet or slippery. Many hikers prefer Atlas Nitrile Grip Gloves or MaxiFlex Ultimate Gloves, which are affordable and flexible.
Leather gloves: These provide more durability and protection, particularly on rough surfaces. Leather gloves with reinforced palms, like Mechanix Wear Leather Gloves is a popular choice. However, be sure they fit snugly to avoid slipping.
Climbing gloves: Specifically designed for rope and cable handling, climbing gloves like the Black Diamond Full Finger Rock Climbing Gloves offer the best of both worlds—grip and protection—though they can be pricier than basic work gloves.
Three points of contact: Maintaining three points of contact is one of the most crucial safety techniques when climbing the cables. This means at any given moment, you should have either two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand in contact with the cables or the rock surface. This method reduces the risk of slipping and helps you maintain balance on the steep, exposed climb. Always take your time and don’t rush, especially if the cables are crowded.
Anchoring in: Though I haven’t personally used this method, many hikers choose to anchor themselves to the cables with a harness and carabiners for added safety. While anchoring can provide a sense of security, there are a few drawbacks to consider. It can slow your pace, making it harder to pass or be passed by others, which can increase congestion on the cables. Additionally, the safety provided by anchoring is debated, as the cables are not designed to function as a fall-prevention system. If you choose to anchor in, make sure you're aware of these limitations and prepared for the extra coordination it requires.
If you feel uncertain or unsafe at any point on the cables, it’s okay to turn back. Safety should always come first.
10. Leave No Trace
As one of Yosemite’s most popular hikes, Half Dome sees heavy foot traffic. Help preserve the natural beauty of this iconic location by practicing Leave No Trace principles. This means packing out all trash, respecting wildlife, and staying on marked trails to minimize your impact on the environment. Keeping Half Dome pristine for future hikers is part of the adventure!
Final Thoughts
Hiking Half Dome is a challenge that rewards those who come prepared with stunning 360-degree views of Yosemite Valley and beyond. Whether you're tackling this hike solo or with a group, these tips will help ensure you have a safe and successful journey. Enjoy the climb and the sense of accomplishment that comes with reaching one of Yosemite’s most breathtaking summits!
Are you ready for the adventure of a lifetime?
This guide aims to equip you with everything you need to take on one of Yosemite’s most exhilarating hikes. Have you hiked Half Dome? Share your journey, experiences, and tips in the comments below!
Half Dome Summit Descent, Yosemite National Park.
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